With the aim of reducing the effects of climate change and guaranteeing access to energy in various latitudes, the figure of Energy Communities has been developed . These are legal organizations formed by a variety of partners that may include individuals, associations, small and medium-sized businesses, government entities, among others.
Climate change is a real existential threat that requires concrete and decisive actions. States, companies and communities are mobilizing to create technologies and innovations that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and remove carbon from the atmosphere.
After five decades of debate, beginning at the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment has been recognized by the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly. This right is closely related to the rights to life and personal integrity.
States have the arduous task and obligation to mitigate climate change and prevent its negative effects on human rights, which is why they have taken measures to reduce emissions quickly, and if possible, immediately. In recent years, various climate change mitigation technologies have been proposed. Renewable energy, such as solar, wind, waste-to-energy and geothermal, could generate 90% of the world’s energy by 2050, according to the United Nations study “Renewable energy-powering a safer future.” . Green hydrogen produced from renewable sources could avoid up to 830 million tons of carbon dioxide per year.
